India has ramped up its search for critical minerals, with the Geological Survey of India (GSI) undertaking 195 exploration projects in the 2024-25 field season. This marks significant progress compared to 433 projects conducted across the previous three seasons.
GSI is conducting 16 Critical Mineral Assessment Programs (CMAP) across 10 states, including Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, and Jharkhand, to identify secondary enrichment zones.
Strategic Importance of Critical Minerals
India has identified 24 critical minerals, with reserves recorded for at least 17. These minerals are essential for industries such as technology, defense, and clean energy. By bolstering domestic exploration, India aims to reduce dependence on imports and strengthen its global position.
Successful Auctions and Reserve Details
Out of 48 critical mineral blocks auctioned in four tranches, 24 have been successfully allocated. According to Union Mines Minister G. Kishan Reddy, India holds approximately 40 million tonnes (MT) of graphite, with significant reserves in states like Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Tamil Nadu. Phosphorus reserves are estimated at 31 MT, primarily in Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan, while titanium reserves total nearly 16 MT across Kerala, Maharashtra, and Odisha.
Expanding Resource Base
Since the MMDR Amendment Act, 2015, GSI has augmented resources for 15 critical minerals. This includes 230 MT of rare earth elements (REE) concentrated in Gujarat and Assam, 282 MT of niobium in Gujarat, and 830 MT of glauconite/potash primarily in Rajasthan and Bihar. Lithium reserves are pegged at 5.9 MT in Jammu & Kashmir and 6.4 MT in Rajasthan.
Andhra Pradesh’s Contribution
As reported by thehindubusinessline, Andhra Pradesh has received significant attention, with GSI handing over geological reports for two graphite blocks in East Godavari, manganese and cobalt in Vizianagaram, and tungsten in Anantapur.
Additionally, lithium and graphite blocks in Kadapa and Vizianagaram have been included in geological memorandums. These efforts underscore India’s commitment to enhancing its critical mineral supply.
