Government and power industry are exploring a gradual phase-down of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), a potent greenhouse gas. Despite the intent, high costs of alternatives could impede regulation.
SF6 and Its Environmental Impact
SF6, used as an insulator in power transmission equipment like circuit breakers and switchgears, is an extremely stable gas. With a global warming potential 23,500 times that of carbon dioxide, it stays in the atmosphere for over 1,000 years. Although fluorinated gases, including SF6, made up just 2.3% of global greenhouse gas emissions in 2019, their use has surged in the past three decades, causing worldwide concern.
Push for Regulation and Need for Cost-Effective Alternatives
Ghanshyam Prasad, chair at India’s Central Electricity Authority, highlighted the urgent need to regulate SF6. However, affordable alternatives are necessary for this shift.
According to Reshu Madan, CEO of global products at Sterlite Power, alternative technologies would require redesigning equipment. This could inflate costs by two to three times—a major challenge for India’s competitive power market, already facing supply constraints and rising transmission equipment costs.
The Role of Economies of Scale in Lowering Costs
Vikram Gandotra, president-elect of the Indian Electrical and Electronics Manufacturers’ Association, suggests scaling demand from utilities to help reduce costs. Aggregated demand could achieve economies of scale and make alternatives more affordable.
Global Moves Towards SF6 Alternatives
Internationally, new regulations are accelerating the shift away from SF6. The EU plans a phased ban on SF6-containing switchgear starting in 2026. In the US, states like California and Massachusetts have set rules to limit SF6 usage or curb leaks.
Managing Leakages from Aging Equipment
As reported by deccanherald.com, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) warns that leakages from SF6 equipment are common throughout its lifecycle, especially as it ages. In 2022, 67% of US SF6 emissions came from power utilities, primarily due to leakages from aging gear, the EPA noted.
